The Doughnut, or Doughnut economics, is a visual (1)___________ for sustainable development created by British Kate Raworth – shaped like a doughnut or lifebelt – combining the concept of planetary boundaries with the complementary concept of social boundaries. The name derives from the shape of the diagram, i.e. a disc with a hole in the middle. (NIVELES B2-C1)
She________ (2) how we can break our addiction to growth; redesign money, finance, and business to be in service to people; and create economies that are regenerative and distributive by design.
The environmental ceiling consists of nine planetary_________(3) such as: ozone______(4), freshwater use, chemical pollution, biodiversity loss, ocean acidification...beyond which lie unacceptable environmental degradation and potential tipping points in Earth systems. The twelve dimensions of the social foundation are derived from internationally agreed minimum social standards such as: gender equality, education, food, access to water, voice in the decissions....Between social and planetary boundaries lies an environmentally safe and socially just space in which humanity can_______(5).
Humanity’s 21st century challenge is to meet the needs of all within the means of the planet. In other words, to ensure that no one falls short on life’s essentials (from food and housing to healthcare and political voice), while ensuring that collectively we do not_________(6) our pressure on Earth’s life-supporting systems, on which we fundamentally depend – such as a stable climate and fertile soils. The Doughnut of social and planetary boundaries is a playfully serious approach to__________(7) that challenge, and it acts as a________(8) for human progress this century.
Raworth________(9) the best emergent ideas—from ecological, behavioral, feminist, and institutional economics to complexity thinking and Earth-systems science—to_______(10) this question: How can we turn economies that need to grow, whether or not they make us thrive, into economies that make us thrive, whether or not they grow?
EXERCISES
1. Put the words in the blank spaces
a. depletion b. thrive c. overshoot d. framework e. boundaries f. framing
g. compass h. handpicks i. address j. points out
2. Find in the text the synonims to the following words or expressions:
WASTE ROOF DIFFICULT TEST
RISING FORMED
3. choose A, B, C from the following questions
1. what is "tipping points" in paragraph 3 in blue?
a.- initial moment
b.- critical moment
c.- the point of maximum efficiency
2. what is "falls short" in paragraph 4?
a.- looses an opportunity
b.- needs help
c.- lacks something
#englishreadings #b2c1exercises #englishclasses #doughnouteconomics #sustainablegrowth
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